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●词性:形容词 (100%)

♬英/ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/ 美/ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

⊕1、出乎意料的;始料未及的(指事情发生得突然,没有被提前预料到)

→Happening suddenly or without being expected

使用率:高频(约98%)

用法:可作定语(修饰名词)或表语(用于系动词后),无复数形式,常用来描述事件、消息、变化等,强调“未被提前想到”

常用搭配:

unexpected visit(意外的拜访)

unexpected news(意外的消息)

unexpected change(突如其来的变化)

unexpected problem(突发问题)

unexpected guest(不速之客)

unexpected rain(突如其来的雨)

unexpected success(意外的成功)

unexpected delay(意外延误)

例句:

We had an ☞unexpected☜ visit from my aunt while we were having dinner.

(我们吃饭时,姑姑突然来访,真是出乎意料。)

The ☞unexpected☜ news of his promotion made everyone happy.

(他升职的意外消息让所有人都很高兴。)

A sudden, ☞unexpected☜ storm ruined our plans for a picnic.

(一场突如其来的暴风雨打乱了我们的野餐计划。)

She felt nervous when faced with the ☞unexpected☜ question in the interview.

(面试中遇到这个始料未及的问题,她感到很紧张。)

An ☞unexpected☜ guest arrived at the party—no one had invited him.

(一个不速之客来到了派对上——没人邀请过他。)

The project was delayed by an ☞unexpected☜ problem with the equipment.

(设备出了个突发问题,导致项目延误了。)

His ☞unexpected☜ kindness made her feel warm on a cold day.

(在寒冷的日子里,他突如其来的善意让她感到温暖。)

We found an ☞unexpected☜ shortcut that saved us 30 minutes.

(我们发现了一条意外的近路,节省了30分钟。)

The team’s ☞unexpected☜ victory surprised all the fans.

(这支队伍意外获胜,让所有粉丝都很惊讶。)

She received an ☞unexpected☜ gift in the mail—she had no idea who sent it.

(她收到了一个邮寄来的意外礼物——完全不知道是谁寄的。)

◆总结→

◎核心词性:形容词(唯一主要词性,表“未被预料到”)

◎高频场景:日常事件(意外拜访、访客)、消息通知(突发新闻、消息)、计划变化(突发问题、延误)

◎学习重点:掌握作定语(修饰具体事件)和表语(描述状态)的用法;理解其“未被提前想到”的核心含义;区分与近义词的细微差异

◎使用要点:多描述“突然发生且未被预料”的事,可用于正面(意外成功、善意)或负面(突发问题、延误)场景;比“surprising”更侧重“是否被预料”,而非“是否令人惊讶”

◎易错点:

区分“unexpected”、“surprising”、“unforeseen”:

“unexpected”(侧重“事情未被提前预料到,强调‘预料’的缺失”,如“an unexpected call”意外的电话→没提前想到会有这个电话);

“surprising”(侧重“事情令人感到惊讶,强调‘情绪上的惊讶’”,如“a surprising result”令人惊讶的结果→结果让人觉得意外);

“unforeseen”(侧重“事情无法被预见,更正式,多用于书面语”,如“unforeseen difficulties”未预见的困难→因难以预料而发生)。

例如:

“The unexpected arrival of her friend”(朋友意外来访→没提前想到)

vs

“The surprising arrival of her friend”(朋友的来访令人惊讶→来访本身让人意外)

vs

“Unforeseen delays due to weather”(因天气导致的未预见延误→难以提前预料)。